FUND PERFORMANCE — Performance data is total return and is preliminary and subject to revision. Total return is defined as the return after (net of) expenses and includes reinvested dividends. Total return is commonly used to evaluate performance and is part of the risk-return trade-off in Modern Portfolio Theory (MPT).
LIPPER AVERAGE — The LSEG Lipper Average is the average performance at NAV of all funds within an LSEG Lipper fund classification for the time period specified.
RANKINGS — The LSEG Lipper rankings displayed on this site are Percentile Rankings (NAV or Market). Funds are ranked by performance (NAV or Market) within their LSEG Lipper classification, sorted in either ascending or descending order, then a percentage value between one and 100 percent is assigned to each member of the group. The top percentile (1) is designated the best performing whereas the bottom percentile (100) is the worst performing. Rankings are based only on the universe shown. This listing might not represent the complete universe of funds tracked by LSEG Lipper. Therefore, these rankings are incomplete and should not be used by investment companies for advertising. Investment companies interested in advertising should contact LSEG here.
ALL INFORMATION — The data contained herein has been obtained from company reports, financial reporting services, periodicals and other resources believed to be reliable. Although carefully verified, data on compilations is not guaranteed by Lipper, a Refinitiv company, and may be incomplete. No offer or solicitations to buy or sell any of the securities herein is being made by LSEG Lipper.